A Bipa (a kind of lute) was introduced to Korea through China when the Silk Road opened, and a five-string Hyang-Bipa and a four-string Dang-Bipa were performed for Hyangak and Dangak in Korea. However, a Dang-Bipa was mainly performed than a Hyang-Bipa, since the latter’s tuning and performance were more difficult. A Bipa was a basic instrument for the learning of music for nobles, government officials, scholars and ordinary persons alike, and it was a compulsory subject to select a court musician. But it gradually disappeared during and after Japanese colonial era. The objective of this study was to examine Bipa music and technique appeared in the staff score of Yiwangjik A-ak Division in the 1930s and the repertoire of Yiseup Society, organized to preserve and develop A-ak. Bipa music of which staff score was written from the staff score of Yiwangjik A-ak Division was used in all the ceremonial and banquet music in which string instruments were placed and performed. In this regard, a Bipa was an essential component for string music. In the repertoires of Yiseup Society, five bipa players performed a Bipa for solo and ensemble in 34 concerts, out of 135 Yiseup Society concerts. In the repertoires, a Bipa was performed for ceremonies, banquets, pipe and percussion music. As a result, the existence of Yiwangjik A-ak Division’s Bipa scores and repertoires for the present seems to be an important clue to understand the importance of Bipa through its music, instrumental placement and players in Japanese colonial era.